. * 第五章：翻译技巧——语态变换法 第五章：句子翻译技巧（下） 教学目的：要求熟练理解句子的翻译技巧，从而在英汉翻译时做到通顺、准确。 教学内容： 重译法 语态变换法 词序调整法 拆译法 翻译练习 Among the eight translation techniques, there exist one called “the change of the voices”. Actually, the passive voice is more commonly used in English than in Chinese, especially in the writing of science and technology. In the sentences in which the doers are not necessarily told or known, the passive voice is used. And sometimes for the sake of connection of the context, there occurs the passive voice. Since the passive structure seldom appears in Chinese, many passive sentences in English have to be turned into active sentences in Chinese. In fact, a translator tries to render the passive sentences into Chinese active sentences as many as possible. But the version must be made idiomatic and smooth, not ambiguous or abstruse. This is a problem which is worth our attention. the change of the voices（语态变换法） A . 把被动语态译成汉语被动句 1) The company was enjoined from using false advertising. 这家商号被禁止使用虚假广告。 2) Up to now, sulphur dioxide has been regarded as one of the most serious of these pollutants. 到目前为止，二氧化硫一直被看作是这些污染物中最严重的一种。 TIP:当句中不出现行为主体时，有时可以在谓语前使用“被”字来表示被动意义 3) All around, the hill were black with oil, and some were hidden by gas and drifting oil spray. 四周，由于蒙上了一层油，山峦是黑色的，有的山峦则被天然气和在风中飘洒的喷油遮挡住了。 4) The thrust force of an airplane is produced by the propeller. 飞机的推力由螺旋桨所产生。 TIP: 在行为主体前使用“被”、“由”、“受”、“给”等字,在这类句子中，在“被”、“由”、“受”、“给”等字后面，在动词前面，有一个名词作为该动词的逻辑主语。 使用“是……的”表语结构；或“为……所”句型，侧重说明一件事情是怎样做或什么时候、什么地点做的等等。例如： 5) Poets are born, but orators are made. 诗人是天生的，而演说家则是后天造就的。 6). Footprints on the sands of time are not made by sitting down. 沙滩上的足迹是走出来的。（喻“不身体力行不足以成事”） 7). In his late thirties he was almost knocked down in his despondency of the unsuccessful career. 近四十岁时，由于事业上的挫折，他几乎为失意所毁。 8) The laws of motion will be discussed in the next articles. 运动定律将在下文中予以讨论。 9) . These signals is used to indicate which data is to be read into the CPU. 这些信号用来指示哪些数据是（将）
